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Manufacturing Nature

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , , , , , ,


For years scientists and engineers have been studying "natures materials" and trying to replicate them. An example of this is the silk web created by a spider. When comparing gram to gram, a spiders web is 5 times stronger than steel! Can you imagine a building made up from a spider web? Other than you sticking to the floor and waiting a LONG time for the elevator, that would be amazing. The only problem so far with replicating natures building tools is that scientists haven't found a way to do it.


While some processes have tried to replicate nature, such as the industrial ceramics man has created to copy the inside coating on an abalone shell, nothing has come close or used an environmental friendly way of producing it. However, these road blocks aren't stopping engineers and biologists from continually looking into ways they can replicate nature in order to have a positive effect on the environment.

One of these ways is to build roofs in a style that replicates a forest canopy which would protect against soil erosion by, according to an article on www.newsweek.com, "dissipating the energy of monsoon rains and by creating wind currents that essentially push the rain back up into the atmosphere."

While this is only being experimented with for the time being, the possibilities are very real that we could see the evolution in manufacturing from large plants who create CO2 gasses and other harmful emissions, to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly manufacturing processes.

I think that by studying the way birds build nests using natural materials is fascinating. I think by studying the woven patterns and the way birds put together a strong nest is something we can learn from in terms of creating structurally sound buildings with less harmful materials.

What kinds of products would you like to see come out that replicate nature? What animals do you think are the best candidates to study in order to replicate? (not animal testing, just observational study of course.)

Source:

Green Destruction

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , , , , , ,

One of the key questions which need answered when you hear about a building being demolished is, "what are they going to do with the land?"

Hopefully in the case of the GE plant in Bridgeport, Connecticut...it won't hurt the nearby wetland.

GE is currently seeking approval from the Inland Wetlands Commision (IWC) to tear down the building which according to GE, "had no practical use." The IWC needs to give it's approval to the demolition because of how close it is to the Stillman Pond which feeds into another pond, which eventually ends in the Long Island Sound. Accroding to Thomas P. Cody, the attorney representing GE, "there should be no adverse environmental impact." However, when has anyone trusted what a lawyer said?!? GE needs to provide proof that the demolition will have no impact on the wetland area.

What do you think GE should do with this building? Should more studies be conducted about the environmental impact that tearing it down will have? Sound off by taking the survey below.



http://www.acorn-online.com/joomla15/thebridgeportnews/news/localnews/59627-massive-ge-plant-may-be-demolished-company-seeks-wetlands-approval.html

What is Infiltration and Why is it Important

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , , , , , ,






What is infiltration?

The process of water soaking into the soil is infiltration. “Infiltration rate” is simply how fast water enters the soil and is usually measured in inches or millimeters per hour. This rate depends on soil texture (amount of sand, silt, and clay) and on soil structure. Soils in good condition have well developed structure and continuous pores to the surface. As a result, water from rainfall or snowmelt readily enters these soils.

Why is infiltration important?

Soil is a reservoir that stores water for plant growth. The water in soil is replenished by infiltration. The infiltration rate can be restricted by poor management. Under these conditions, the water does not readily enter the soil and it moves downslope as runoff or ponds on the surface, where it evaporates. Thus, less water is stored in the soil for plant growth, and plant production decreases, resulting in less organic matter in the soil and weakened soil structure that can further decrease the infiltration rate.

Runoff can cause soil erosion and the formation of gullies. It also carries nutrients and organic matter, which, together with sediment, reduce water quality in streams, rivers, and lakes. The sediment reduces the capacity of reservoirs to store water. Excessive runoff can cause flooding, erode streambanks, and damage roads. Runoff from adjacent slopes can saturate soils in low areas or can create ponded areas, thus killing upland plants. Evaporation in the ponded areas reduces the amount of water available to plants.

Please manage your soil properly in order to prevent the restriction of infiltration. Attempt to deter runoff that may cause gullies and other types of damage.


Source

What is Wind Erosion?

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , , , ,



Wind erosion is the physical wearing of the earth’s surface by wind. Wind erosion removes and redistributes soil. Small blowout areas may be associated with adjacent areas of deposition at the base of plants or behind obstacles, such as rocks, shrubs, fence rows, and roadbanks. In many cases the fine soil particles and organic matter are blown offsite or into the atmosphere as dust. Reducing the amount of bare ground by increasing the extent of vegetation, litter, and biological crusts reduces the risk of wind erosion.


Source: soils.usda.gov/sqi/management/files/RSQIS10.pdf

What is Water Erosion and How Do You Prevent It

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , ,


What causes water erosion?

Erosion is caused by the impact of raindrops on bare soil and by the power of running water on the soil surface. Natural erosion rates depend on inherent soil properties, slope, and climate, which together determine the ability of the site to support vegetation. Accelerated erosion occurs when the plant cover is depleted, the spaces between plants becomes larger, and soil structure is degraded by excessive disturbance or reduced inputs of organic matter. Compaction increases runoff and the risk of accelerated erosion. Runoff concentrated by poorly designed or maintained roads or trails can cause accelerated erosion on the adjacent slopes and in roadbeds. Many vegetation and soil properties affect the risk of erosion. Each specific soil has its own natural erosion rate. A sandy or clayey texture generally is less erodible than loam or silt loam. Sandy soils that formed in material weathered from decomposed granitic rock, however, are highly erodible. Soils with rock fragments or biological crusts on the surface are protected from the impact of raindrops. Stable soil aggregates bound together by organic matter resist erosion, enhance infiltration, and result in less runoff. The amount of runoff and the power of water to erode and transport soil are greater on long, steep slopes. Bare soil between plants is most susceptible to erosion.

What are some indicators of erosion?

Erosion and the risk of erosion are difficult to measure directly. Other soil properties that affect erosion and can change with management, including soil surface stability, aggregate stability, infiltration, compaction, and content of organic matter, can be measured. Measuring these properties can shed light on the susceptibility of a site to erosion. Comparing visual observations along with quantitative measurements to the conditions indicated in the ecological site description or a reference area helps to provide information about soil surface stability, sedimentation, and soil loss.


The visual indicators used to identify past erosion include:

• bare soil;
• pedestaled plants or rocks;
• exposed roots;
• terracettes (benches of soil deposited behind obstacles);
• an increase in the number and connectivity of waterflow
patterns between plants;
• soil deposition at slope changes;
• changes in thickness of topsoil;
• exposure of subsoil at the surface;
• rills, headcutting, and/or downcutting in gullies;
• sediment in streams, lakes, and reservoirs; and
• reduced plant growth.
When measured every few years, the following indicators can
be used to predict where accelerated erosion is likely to occur in
the future:
• an increase in the amount of bare ground or in the size or
connectivity of bare patches,
• reduced soil aggregate and soil surface stability, and
• reduced water infiltration.


Gain Knowledge about the different types of erosion by visiting this excellent website. Please attempt to practice what you learn here in your daily lives. The earth is our home and many people on our earth are unaware on the subject of soil erosion. Please share what you learn with your friends and family. Thank You.


Source

Why is Water Erosion a Concern?

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , , , ,


Loss of topsoil changes the capacity of the soil to function and restricts its ability to sustain future uses. Erosion removes or redistributes topsoil, the layer of soil with the greatest amount of organic matter, biological activity, and nutrients. The ability of a plant community to recover after topsoil is lost is restricted. Erosion breaks down soil structure, exposing organic matter within soil aggregates to decomposition and loss. Degraded soil structure reduces the rate of water infiltration. Erosion of nutrient-rich topsoil can cause a shift to less desirable plants, such as from grass to shrub species. In this process, soil organic matter and nutrients eroded from one area contribute to resource accumulation in another, such as the area around shrubs. Erosion of shallow soils can decrease the thickness of the root zone and the amount of air, water, and nutrients available to plants. The sediment removed by erosion can bury plants and roads; accumulate in streams, rivers, and reservoirs; and degrade water quality. Learning about why soil erosion is a concern is the first step in learning how to prevent it. Please visit this website and read some interesting stories about how others are preventing soil erosion.


turf2max.com


Source

Earn money while you help the environment

Posted by Flora Sawita Labels: , , , , , , , , , ,

Ecojobs.com compiles a list of environmental career opportunities. The site is very easy to navigate; jobs can be browsed by category or by state. Job titles range from Outdoor Science Instructor to Environmental Sampling Technician. Each state's page further provides links to other state-respective organizations or sites that may assist you in finding that environmental job you've always dreamed of.

Ecojobs also includes a newsletter and lets employers post ads (albeit for a fee). Job-seekers, however, may view the listings free of charge.

-aL

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