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Want to Buy Tapioca or Make It?
Posted byIntroduction
Tapioca is starch that obtain/extracted from tuber/root of cassava (Manihot utilissima). Tapioca extracted by using water as solvent. Tapioca cans found in common foods in some country in Asia and Africa, such as Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Nigeria, Kenya, etc. Cassava (Manihot utilissima) is also called manioc. Cassava is the raw material for various industrial products such as food industry, pharmaceuticals, textiles and others. Manufacture of food from cassava is quite diverse ranging from traditional foods to a variety of other foods that require further processing.
In the tapioca industry, the technology used can be grouped into three namely: first, the traditional tapioca processing industry that still relies on sunlight and the production is very dependent on the season, second; modern semi namely tapioca processing industry that use the dryer (oven) in conducting drying process and the third is full automatic tapioca processing industry that uses the engine from the beginning to the finished product. Tapioca industries that use full automate equipment has high efficiency, because the production process requires less labor, shorter time and produce quality tapioca. Demand for starch in the world tends to increase because an increasing number of food industries that use raw materials tapioca.
Choose Business Location
Tapioca processing location should be selected which have a source water area and good access to the hot sun. Solar heat is an important production factor for tapioca processing industry, thus, the location of businesses who have good access to the hot sun will support the success of tapioca processing business, because most small entrepreneurs in the field of tapioca processing has not been able to provide tapioca drying technology. Water availability is also very important, especially for washing and filtering flour.
Production Workers, Facilities, and Equipment Need
To produce tapioca, with a capacity of 30 tons of cassava per day is needed facilities and production equipment like generator 2 pieces, 2 pieces of grated machine, pump machine 2 pieces, 10 pieces of sieve machine, basin 25 m², 4 pieces of container vessel, a syringe, a filter, 1,000 pieces of bamboo, pipe 1 set, rack 16 m², 1 piece of main engine, and weigh scale 2 pieces.
The number of workers is determined by production capacity and technology used. The amount of labor absorption in tapioca processing industry is determined by production volume. The higher volume of production the greater the amount of labor is absorbed. Labor required includes the entire production process from stripping to the drying product. In this technology, some of the production process using an engine to perform grater and pressing, drying while still relying on the help of sunlight.
Production Process
Peeling
Peeling is done by way of manual cassava aims to separate meat from skin. During the stripping, sorting is also done to select high-quality cassava from other cassava. Cassava is a low quality is not processed into starch and used as cattle feed.
Washing
Washing is done by hand with cassava in the wash tub filled with water, which aims to separate the dirt on cassava.
Grating
traditionally by utilizing human power entirely or in a modern, powered by generators.
traditionally by utilizing human power entirely or in a modern, powered by generators.
Extraction
Extraction can be do in 2 ways:
a. Extraction cassava porridge that done by hand using a cloth filter, and then kneaded by adding water in which the fluid obtained is starch stored in the bucket.
b. Extraction cassava porridge with rocking filter (centric). Cassava porridge is placed on the filter that is driven by the engine. At the time of the shaking sieve, then add the water through perforated pipes. The resulting starch is collected in settling tanks.
Precipitation
The extracted starch was deposited in the deposition bath for 4 hours. Water at the top of the sediment drained and discarded, while the deposition was taken and dried.
Drying
The system uses the sun drying is done by drying the starch in the tray that is placed on bamboo racks for 1-2 days (depending on the weather). Tapioca flour produced should contain 15-19% moisture content. To produce high quality cassava flour, cassava is needed which has a high starch content of cassava is harvested after more than 7 months old.
The system uses the sun drying is done by drying the starch in the tray that is placed on bamboo racks for 1-2 days (depending on the weather). Tapioca flour produced should contain 15-19% moisture content. To produce high quality cassava flour, cassava is needed which has a high starch content of cassava is harvested after more than 7 months old.
Top: Cassava Tuber and Peeled Cassava Tuber
Bottom: Tapioca and Packaged Tapioca
Production Constraints
Constraint in cassava processing industry is the availability of raw materials. Availability of raw materials is very important because if there is a shortage of raw materials, the production will be jammed. To that end, partnerships with farmers as suppliers of raw materials is necessary. In addition to ensuring the availability of raw materials, this partnership is to ensure the quality of raw materials.
Environmental Impact
Starch processing business is producing solid, liquid and air. Most of these wastes exist that can be used again economically. Solid waste is often called cassava is the raw material for making sauce and mosquito coils. Other solid waste is a lot of cassava peel utilized for fertilizer and animal feed. The liquid waste from this effort are used to irrigate the fields around the plant so that the presence of starch industry is very beneficial to farmers. Air pollution generated does not interfere with the public because it is located far from human settlements. It can be concluded that there is no waste from tapioca processing business is detrimental both living beings and living in the surrounding environment.
Tapioca commodity market opportunities open and potentially provide opportunities for development and increased production of tapioca. Viewed from its potential, land resources and human resources for the development of cassava production is still widely available in many areas.
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